Professional Auditing Research

Professional Auditing Research

The effect of auditors' psychological capital and experience on the quality of professional judgment and decision-making: the moderating role of professional skepticism

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
zohreh Arefmanesh 1
Hamideh Saffari 2
1 Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economic, Management and Accounting , Yazd University , Yazd, Iran
2 MSc of accounting, Faculty of Economic, Management and Accounting , Yazd University , Yazd, Iran
10.22034/jpar.2025.2047597.1365
Abstract
In the complex and dynamic financial environment, auditors face many challenges in the field of judgment and decision making. Based on past studies, Auditors' psychological capital, experience, and professional skepticism can affect the quality of auditors' professional judgments. Therefore, the aim of the current research is the effect of psychological capital and auditors' experience on the quality of professional judgment and decision-making with regard to the moderating role of professional skepticism. In order to achieve this goal, after studying the subject literature and research background, research data was collected by sending a questionnaire to auditors working in the auditing profession in the first 3 months of 2012. Finally, the final sample consisting of 385 people was selected and analyzed using the structural equation modeling approach. The results of this research show that the auditor's psychological capital and experience led to the improvement of the quality of auditors' professional judgment and decision-making. In addition, professional skepticism is able to strengthen the relationship between psychological capital and auditor experience with the quality of auditors' professional judgment and decision making. This research can suggest strategies to improve the quality of auditors' judgments. Finally, this improvement can lead to providing better and more accurate audit services.
Keywords
psychological capital
auditor experience
professional skepticism and the quality of professional judgment and decision making of auditors

Subjects

ابراهیمی، ابراهیم و حجت اسماعیل زاده. (1394)، سوگیریهای شناختی در قضاوت حرفه ای حسابرسی، فصلنامه مطالعات حسابداری و حسابرسی، شماره 13، صص 74-87.
بنی‌مهد، بهمن و مهرانی، نیوشا. (1400). تاثیرسبک های شناخت نوگرا و نوگریز بر تردید حرفه‌ای حسابرس. پژوهش‌های حسابرسی حرفه‌ای، 2(5)، 56-69.
بیرجندی، حمید و فتحی، زهرا. (1401). بررسی رابطه بین چرخش اجباری مؤسسات حسابرسی و ویژگی های تردید حرفه ای حسابرس، مجله دانش حسابداری، دوره سیزدهم، شماره 1: صص332-312.
رضائی، ناهید؛ دیانتی دیلمی، زهرا؛ غلامی جمکرانی، رضا و رهنمای رودپشتی، فریدون (1403) بررسی اثر سبک‌های شناختی بر توانایی حسابرسان در کشف تقلب. پژوهش های حسابداری مالی و حسابرسی، 62(16)، 201-242.
صفاجو، محسن و پور زمانی، زهرا. (1400)، تاثیر تردید حرفه ای بر قضاوت و تصمیم گیری حسابرسان با توجه به نقش میانجی خلاقیت فردی، فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی دانش حسابداری و حسابرسی مدیریت، سال دهم، شماره 39، صص 349 -337.
صفاجو، محسن و پورزمانی، زهرا. (1403)َ، تردید حرفه ای، ابعاد خلاقیت فردی و قضاوت حسابرسان. پژوهش های حسابداری مالی و حسابرسی، 63(16)، 57-78.
عبدی، رسول واربابی، سعید. (1401). تأثیر مؤلفه‌های روانشناختی پیگمالیون بر توسعه ویژگی‌های اخلاقی حسابرسان. پژوهش‌های حسابرسی حرفه‌ای، 2(8)، 88-115.
علی زاده گان، لیلا؛ صمدی لرگانی، محمود؛ ایمنی، محسن. (1402)، تحلیل توانایی حسابرسان در کشف تقلب با استفاده از تئوری رفتار برنامه‌ریزی شده: تأثیر تجربه حسابرس و تیپ شخصیتی با نقش تردید حرفه‌ای، پژوهش های حسابداری مالی و حسابرسی، دوره 15، شماره 57، صص 149-184.
علی ‌پور، احمد؛ صفاری نیا، مجید؛ صرامی فروشانی، غلامرضا؛ آقاعلیخانی، علی محمد و آخوندی، نیلا. (1392)، بررسی اثربخشی مداخله سرمایه روانشناختی لوتانز بر فرسودگی شغلی کارشناسان شاغل در شرکت ایران خودرو دیزل، فصلنامه علمی تخصصی طب کار، شماره 3، صص 41-30.
فخاری، حسین و فضل اله پور نقارچی، مهران. (1401)، تاثیر سرمایه روانشناختی بر انگیزه پیشرفت، قضاوت حسابرسان و عملکرد موسسه های حسابرسی. دو فصلنامه حسابداری ارزشی و رفتاری، دوره 7، شماره 13، صص ۱۵۴-۱۹۹.
ملکی پور، هادی؛ عبدلی، محمدرضا؛ ولیان، حسن. (1400)، طراحی مدل مضامین فلسفی درایتِ خردمندانه ی حسابرس در قضاوت حرفه ای، نشریه علمی حسابداری مدیریت، سال چهاردهم، شماره 48، صص 154-129
مهدوی، غلامحسین؛ کارجوی رافع، نریمان. (1384)، بررسی تاثیر استانداردهای ملی حسابداری بر کیفیت اظهارنظر حسابرسان مستقل، مجله علوم اجتماعی و انسانی دانشگاه شیراز (ویژه نامه حسابداری)، دوره بیست و دوم، شماره دوم، صص146 -132.
Abdi, R., & arbabi, S. (2022). The influence of Pygmalion's psychological components on the development of auditors' ethical characteristics. Professional Auditing Research, 2(8), 88-115. doi: 10.22034/jpar.2022.559529.1103 (in Persian)
Alipour, A., Safari Nia, M., Sarami Foroshani, G. R., Aghaei Khalilkhani, A. M., & Akhundi, N. (2013). Investigating the effectiveness of Luthans’ psychological capital intervention on job burnout of experts working in Iran Khodro Diesel Company. Scientific Journal of Occupational Medicine, 3, 30-41. (in Persian)
Alizadehgan, L., Samadi Largani, M., & Imani, M. (2023). Analyzing auditors’ ability to detect fraud using the theory of planned behavior: The impact of auditor experience and personality type with the mediating role of professional skepticism. Financial Accounting and Auditing Research, 15(57), 149-184. (in Persian)
Avey, JB. Patera JL. West BJ. 2006. The implications of positive psychological capital on   employee absenteeism. Journal of Leadership and Organization Studies, 13: 42-60.
Banimahd, B., & Mehrani, N. (2022). Effect of Adoption and Innovation Cognition Styles on Professional Skepticism. Professional Auditing Research, 2(5), 56-69. doi: 10.22034/jpar.2022.546897.1074 (in Persian)
Birjandi, H., & Fathi, Z. (2022). The relationship between mandatory rotation of auditing firms and auditors’ professional skepticism. Journal of Accounting Knowledge, 13(1), 312-332. (in Persian)
Boner, S. 2008. judgment and decision making in accounting ,Publisher Pearson, ISBN 10 0138638950 ISBN 13: 9780138638955.
Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants. 1995. Professional Judgment and the Auditor, CICA Research Study Group, Toronto, CICA
Ciołek, M. (2017). PROFESSIONAL SKEPTICISM IN AUDITING AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS. Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu. 33-40. 10.15611/pn.2017.474.03.
Ebrahimi, E., & Ismailzadeh, H. (2015). Cognitive biases in professional auditing judgment. Accounting and Auditing Studies Quarterly, 13, 74-87. (in Persian)
Espinosa-Pike, M., and I. Barrainkua. 2015. An exploratory study of the pressures and ethical dilemmas in the audit conflict.Revista de Contabilidad – Spanish Accounting Review.
Fakhari, H., & Fazlollah Pour Naqarchi, M. (2022). The impact of psychological capital on motivation for achievement, auditors’ judgment, and the performance of auditing firms. Value and Behavioral Accounting Quarterly, 7(13), 154-199. (in Persian)
Gibbins, Mand Mason A. K. 1998. Professional Judgment in Financial Reporting Canadian, Institue of Charterd Accountants.
Hamshari, Y. M., H. Y. Ali., and M. A. Alqam. 2021. The Relationship of Professional Skepticism to the of Auditing and Internal Control, and the Discovery of Fraud and Core Errors in the Financial Statements in Jordan. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 10(2): 105. https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0042
Hamzah Idris, M., Jamali, H., & Sjahruddin, H. (2019). Investigating the moderating role of knowledge: The relationship between auditor’s experience and ethical judgment. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 6(2), 491–503. https://doi.org/10.14738/assrj.62.6193
Hanum, Z., Rahmadana, M., F., Nasution, M., A., P., E. (2024). The Impact of Auditor Competence and Auditor Experience on Audit Judgement, Mediated by Task Complexity, within Public Accounting Firms in the City of Medan
Hurtt et al. 2008. An Experimental Examination Of Professional Skepticism, Hankamer School of Business:1-38.
Hurtt, R, K., H. Brown-Liburd., C. E. Earley., and G. Krishnamoorthy. 2013. Research on Auditor Professional Skepticism: Literature Synthesis and Opportunities Forfuture Research, Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory, 32(sp1): 4597.
Hurtt, R. K. 2010. Development of a Scale to Measure Professional Skepticism, A Journal of Practice & Theory, 29(1): 149-171.
Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2007). Psychological Capital: Developing the Human Competitive Edge. Oxford University Press.
Luthans, F., BJ. Avolio., and JB. Avey. (2007). Positive psychological capital: Measurement and relationship with performance and satisfaction, Personnel Psychology, 60.              
Luthans, F., J. Avey., B. Avolio., and J. Peterson. (2010). The development and resulting performance impact of positive psychological. Human Resource Development Quar terly: 41-67.
Luthans, F., J. B. Avery., and J. L. Patera. (2008). Exprimental analysis of a Web-based intervention to develop positive psychological capital. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 7: 209-221.
Lyu, T., L. Tang., and Z. Yang. 2022. Psychological Capital on College 7HDFKHUV DQG 6WXGHQWV (QWUHSUHQHXULDO 3HUIRUPDQFH Dnd Sports Morality Under Social and Political Education. Academic Journals And Research Commuity.doi ,10.3389:178-198.
Mahdavi, G. H., & Karjoui Rafei, N. (2005). Investigating the impact of national accounting standards on the quality of independent auditors’ opinions. Social and Human Sciences Journal of Shiraz University (Accounting Special Issue), 22(2), 132-146. (in Persian)
Malekipour, H., Abdoli, M. R., & Valian, H. (2021). Designing a model of philosophical themes in the wise judgment of auditors in professional judgment. Journal of Management Accounting, 14(48), 129-154. (in Persian)
Mihret, DG, Admassu, BK, & Yismaw, AW (2018). The impact of experience on the competencies of auditors: Evidence from Ethiopia. Journal of Accounting in Emerging Economies, 8(1), 60-83.
Nelson, M. 2010. A Model and Literature Review of Professional Skepticism in Auditing, Johnson School Research Paper Series, 28(2): 1-34
Ouerfelli, C., Dheyab, M., A. (2023). International Financial Reporting Standards and Their Impact on Disclosure / an Exploratory Study DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i12.23
Putri, N. P. A. W., Putra, I. N. W. A., Wirakusuma, M. G., & Suputra, I. D. G. D. (2022). The effect of independence, professionalism, and experience of internal auditors on fraud prevention with organizational culture as moderating variable. Linguistics and Culture Review, 6(S1): 565-580.
Quadackers, L., T. Groot., and A. Wright. (2014). Auditors’ professional skepticism: Neutrality versus presumptive doubt. Contemporary Accounting Research, 31(3): 639- 657.
Rechard, A. B., and G. R. Vogelgesang. (2012). Authentic leadership and positive psychological capital: The mediating role of trust at the group of analysis. Journal of leadership & Organational studies,15(3): 450-458.
Safa Joo, M., & Pour Zamani, Z. (2021). The impact of professional skepticism on auditors’ judgment and decision-making considering the mediating role of individual creativity. Scientific Research Journal of Accounting and Management, 10(39), 337-349. (in Persian)
Sari. R and S. Adrian. (2023). The influence of professional skepticism, auditor’s experiences, and competency on fraud detection. International Journal of Research in Business & Social Science, 12(3): 384-390
Simarassal, N., Fayyazi, M., & Gholipour, A. (2010). Explaining the consequences of positive psychological factors in organizations. Iranian Journal of Management Sciences, 17, 23-45. (in Persian)
Subroto, B., Wijaya, EY, & Wahyuni, E.  (2018).  Competency model of auditors in Indonesia: An exploratory study. Journal of Applied Accounting Research, 19(1), 2-17.
Yuniati, T., and E. Banjarnahor. 2019. Determinant Factors Affecting the Ability of External Auditor to Detect Fraud. Indonesian Management and Accounting Research, 18(02): 127–142. https://doi.org/10.25105/imar.v18i2.5172